Paraphrase the answer that corresponds with its question make sure its is not same as original

1. What happens to the pollutants when the plant dies?
   1. It depends on the plant. For plants that break up cadmium or zinc, the plant has to be harvested or processed in order to reclaim a trapped contaminant. As seen in canola plants taking up selenium, the plants hold onto the contaminant and must be disposed of in order to ensure that the pollutant is not left in the ecosystem.
2. Why would one plant be more adapted at absorbing a particular pollutant than another plant?
   1. Every plant has a different chemical composition, and therefore is able to take up different minerals. Biogeochemical absorption will depend on the species, and the organic or inorganic contaminant may react with the plant’s specific properties in different manners.

Next, read the section on p. 467 Big Idea 2: “The Concept of Water Potential” and answer the following :

1. What variables will restrict the movement of water across the cell membrane?
   1. Concentration is the key factor that decides the movement of water across the cell membrane. Charged particles require a carrier in order to be diffused across.
2. What structures are necessary for a plant to maintain turgidity?
   1. A semipermeable membrane (cell wall), extracellular fluid amounts, and the vacuole are three of the very important structures necessary for plants to maintain turgidity.
3. What environmental conditions might cause a plant to lose its turgidity?
   1. The environmental conditions that could cause a plant to lose its turgidity would be extreme heat or cold, lack of water or too much water, or a lower water potential.

Because plants are sessile and cannot move when predators attack, they have developed sophisticated mechanisms to ward off predation. Read the section on p. 484-85 Big Idea 3: “The Chemical Ecology of Plants” to find out why and answer the following:

1. How have humans taken advantage of the chemicals that plants produce for their own defenses?
   1. Human can form pesticides based on the natural pesticides that are produced by the toxins of the plant. The agriculture industry can use these natural defenses to produce more natural ways of deterring pests from eating crops. They also can use this to protect plants from other plants, so when growing crops a particular crop can minimize shading or maximize sun exposure.
2. How can you test if a defense response is pathogen specific?
   1. One could expose the plant to different pathogens, then see if the plant responds to any of those pathogens. Using experimental methods, one will be able to deduce which defense response is pathogen specific.
3. During the domestication of crops, humans have intentionally or inadvertently selected for lower levels of toxic compounds. Explain why this type of selection would have occurred.
   1. Too much toxicity could kill a plant or initiate a defense mechanism in the plant. The insects can also develop pesticide resistance, so it is important to select for lower levels of toxic compounds. Plants have their own natural ways of deterring predators, and over time, the lower levels of toxic compounds in a plant allow for humans to be able to use the plant in more manners.

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