● Problem Situation: An earthquake has left more than 100 people homeless in central Alaska. As winter is approaching, people need to be housed temporarily for one month while their homes are rebuilt. Although tents that are on hand might be a short-term solution, these lack the insulation needed to help people survive the cold temperatures and snowy conditions. The earthquake location is 200 miles from the nearest city, and snow has made travel impossible. Materials that are available locally must be used because time is of the essence.

● Your Challenge: Your challenge, as one of a team of earthquake victims, is to design and build a rapidly erectable structure that will provide insulation from the cold, withstand snow load, provide air exchange, and be built from materials that are readily available locally.

● Clarify the Design Specifications and Constraints: The shelter must be large enough for five people to sleep side by side within it. The shelter must be heated to an inside temperature of 65°F when the outside temperature is -20°F. The design must provide for air exchange.

● Research and Investigate: To complete the design challenge, you need to first gather information to help you design. Determining necessary floor space and height Determining the optimal shape of the shelter. Insulation materials. Heat flow and energy transfer

● Generate Alternative Designs: There are many ways to approach the design of an emergency shelter. Your group will choose its own type of shelter to design and model. Describe two possible versions of a shelter that might satisfy the design criteria and constraints. Sketch each of the design versions.

● Choose and Justify the Optimal Solution: What decisions did you reach that guided your choice of shelter design? Why did your group settle on this approach? What trade-offs did you make in coming to this decision?

● Redesign the Solution: What did you learn through the design and/or testing of your shelter that would inform a redesign of the model? What additional trade-offs would you have to make?

● Communicate Your Achievements: Describe the plan you will use to present your solution to your class. (Include a media-based presentation.) Demonstrate how you tested the shelter. Explain what you learned about the design of a portable shelter, heat flow, and air exchange. A report of at least 10 pages is required. The report should include all the details of the design and literature review. The lineout of report should include: Abstract, Introduction, research and investigations, alternative designs, optimal design details including size, sketches, materials..etc, conclusion, and references. A 10 minutes presentation should be prepared and presented by all or part of the group members.

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